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Hair transplantation - is a surgical technique that involves moving skin containing hair follicles from one part of the body (the donor site) to bald or balding parts (the recipient site). It is primarily used to treat male pattern baldness, whereby grafts containing hair follicles that are genetically resistant to balding are transplanted to bald scalp. However, it is also used to restore eyelashes, eyebrows, and beard hair, and to fill in scars caused by accidents and surgery such as face-lifts and previous hair transplants. Hair transplantation differs from skin grafting in that grafts contain almost all of the epidermis and dermis surrounding the hair follicle, and many tiny grafts are transplanted rather than a single strip of skin.
Strip Harvesting - a strip of scalp is removed under local anesthesia, the wound is then sutured back together and this piece of scalp tissue is then cut in to small pieces of tissue called grafts which are then transplanted back in to the thinning area of the patients head. This method will leave a linear scar in the donor area, which should be covered by a patients hair (if long). The recovery period is around 2 weeks and will require the stitches removing by a trained medic.
FUE Harvesting - (Follicular Unit Extraction) individual follicles of hair are removed under local anesthesia, this micro removal uses tiny punches of between 0.6mm and 1.25mm in diameter. Each follicle is then reinserted back in to the scalp in the thinning area using a micro blade. Because this is single follicles and no large amount of tissue is removed there is no visible scars or after surgery pain, with no need to return to the clinic after surgery as there are no stitches to remove.
If you have bald patches or very thin hair on some parts of your head, but healthy hair on others, scalp reduction surgery is a treatment that may be able to help you. Like any operation, it can cause physical strain and isn't suitable for everyone, but it has a high success rate and the results can be dramatic.
Who Should Consider Scalp Reduction Surgery?
Undergoing surgery should never be taken lightly, so scalp reduction surgery is only appropriate for people who are likely to experience significant benefits. Your doctor will be able to help you decide if it is appropriate for you.
If you have a Hair Loss condition that means you will eventually lose all of your hair, the benefits of scalp reduction surgery may be small and only temporary. If you are losing hair on your crown, the scarring from surgery is hard to hide. If, however, you expect to go bald only in the middle of your scalp, surgery like this could mean that you can enjoy a full head of hair throughout your life.
Scalp reduction surgery is most effective in people who have Scarring Alopecia, such as burns victims. In these cases, the damaged part of the scalp can often be completely removed, restoring the appearance of the head to normal.
How Does Scalp Reduction Surgery Work?
There are two forms of scalp reduction surgery. In some cases, a narrow strip of skin on the scalp can be removed and the skin simply stretched across from each side and stitched back together. Where a larger area of skin needs to be replaced, or where the skin is very tight, tissue expansion can be used.
Tissue expansion is a process that takes several weeks and will require repeated visits to your doctor. It involves inserting a balloon under the scalp (a relatively minor operation in itself) and gradually inflating it. This prompts the skin on the scalp to stretch, so that eventually there's enough extra skin (with healthy hair follicles) to stretch across the gap when the main surgery is performed. The balloon will then be removed.
Scalp reduction surgery can normally be done under a local anaesthetic. If you find it particularly traumatic, you can request sedation, which won't knock you out but will make you feel calm. After your surgery you will need to protect your scalp with a special cap for the first few days of the healing process, and you will be given antibiotics to prevent infection – it's important to finish the course even if you feel well.
It is very rare for there to be long-term problems with healing after scalp reduction surgery, but everybody reacts differently in terms of scarring. Unless you go on to have an extremely short hairstyle, however, it is unlikely that anyone will see the mark unless they are looking for it.
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